Showing posts with label Legalize. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Legalize. Show all posts

Friday, February 21, 2014

9 Countries That Could Be Next To Legalize Marijuana

(Photo: Fora do Eixo/Flickr)
(Photo: Fora do Eixo/Flickr)

Talk of marijuana legalization is taking place all over the world.

The conversation took off in late 2012, when Washington and Colorado voted to legalize marijuana, and only grew louder after Uruguay did the same in December.

While Uruguay is so far the only country to fully legalize marijuana, a number of others look ready to join.

1. Argentina

Argentina’s Supreme Court decriminalized personal possession of drugs, including marijuana, in 2009.
But legalization may be on the horizon. Last December, after Uruguay legalized marijuana, Argentina’s drug czar said his country should consider following suit.

2. Brazil

Personal drug possession is also permitted in Brazil, although traffickers are still punished.
But this month, a federal judge took the legal community by surprise when he acquitted a marijuana dealer and ruled the country’s marijuana laws unconstitutional.
While the decision is being appealed, some believe it could lead to a serious reconsideration of the nation’s marijuana policies.

3. Canada

With a federal election due in 2015, a lot of attention is being paid to legalizing marijuana. The leader of Canada’s Liberal Party, Justin Trudeau, has been an outspoken supporter of regulating marijuana like alcohol.
While Canada’s medical marijuana program is currently transitioning to a commercial market, legalizing recreational marijuana is now part of the Liberal Party’s official campaign platform.

4. Guatemala

President Otto Perez Molina was one of the loudest supporters of drug policy reform at the U.N. General Assembly last fall. In his address, the President of Guatemala praised Uruguay and the states of Washington and Colorado for taking a “visionary” approach to marijuana policy.
President Molina also announced that his country would undertake a study of alternate approaches to drug laws.

5. Jamaica

Despite a long cultural tradition of marijuana use, Jamaica has lagged behind more progressive countries when it comes to reform.
But just in the past year, medical marijuana has garnered significant support from top politicians, including the nation’s health minister. Changes in Uruguay and the U.S. have also given legalization activists new hope.

6. Mexico

Federal law in Mexico remains tough on all drugs, including marijuana, despite the flourishing drug trade that fuels local cartels. On the other hand, personal possession of drugs has been decriminalized since 2009.
More drastic change could be coming soon to the nation’s capital. This month, Mexico City lawmakers introduced a bill that would legalize the sale of recreational marijuana.

7. Morocco

The small African country happens to be the world’s top hash producer. In fact, hash is estimated to contribute as much as 10% to the nation’s economy, and many Moroccan farmers rely on marijuana crops to sustain their livelihood.
Now, two leading political parties have begun to discuss the legalization of medical and industrial cannabis as a way of stimulating the country’s economic growth and legitimizing the trade for farmers who depend on it.

8. Netherlands

The Netherlands has long been recognized for its liberal approach to marijuana. Since the 70s, coffee shops throughout the country have been permitted to sell marijuana to both residents and tourists.
However, many have been critical of the country’s failure to legalize production and distribution – creating a ‘back door problem’ that forces coffee shops to illegally obtain their supply.
With such an obvious hole in the law, it’s no surprise that mayors of 35 cities have come together to call for a fully legalized marijuana system.

9. United States

Federal law still considers marijuana as Schedule I substance. And despite President Barack Obama’s interesting comparison of marijuana and alcohol, there isn’t much sign of the law changing soon.
On the other hand, the kick-off of legal marijuana sales in Colorado has drawn significant public attention. Washington’s new marijuana laws will also come into play later this year.
Without a major disaster occurring in the two states, it’s likely that, over time, lawmakers will face increasing pressure to legalize marijuana on the federal level.
Source Leaf Science


Colorado Pledges Large Chunk Of Marijuana Taxes For Prevention

(Photo: Sodanie Chea/Flickr)
(Photo: Sodanie Chea/Flickr)

Colorado plans to spend most of its tax revenue from legal marijuana on preventing substance abuse, according to a FY 2014-2015 budget proposal released on Wednesday.

The proposal allocates $99 million of next year’s budget to the state’s top priority, which is “creating an environment where negative impacts on children from marijuana legalization are avoided completely.”

$45.5 million will go towards youth use prevention, $40.4 million for substance abuse treatment and $12.4 million for public health.
Federal funding makes up 43% of the state’s substance abuse budget and 15% of its youth prevention budget.
A breakdown of the spending shows $5.8 million for a three-year statewide media campaign to educate Coloradans “on the impact of marijuana,” and $1.9 million for a Department of Transportation “Drive High, Get a DUI” campaign.
$7 million will also be used to purchase new beds for substance treatment centers, thereby “increasing the capacity for treating marijuana misuse.”
In total, the state expects to see $184 million in marijuana-related revenue between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015.
$40 million of that has already been set aside for public school construction.
“Our administration is committed to the responsible regulation of adult-use marijuana and the effective allocation of resources to protect public safety and health and to prevent underage use,” Gov. John Hickenlooper wrote in a letter accompanying the proposal.
Source Leaf Science


Saturday, February 15, 2014

How Did Marijuana ‘Mega-Farms’ End Up In Canada?

(Photo credit: The Peace Naturals Project)
(Photo credit: The Peace Naturals Project)

Canadian health regulators have created a new industry that allows what The National Post describes as marijuana ‘mega-farms.’

Come April 1st, these operations are supposed to supply medical marijuana for some 40,000 patients. And these patients are not your average smokers. Last year, they were licensed to consume a total of 190,000 kg of medical marijuana.

But the focus for most of these companies is likely the long-term. According to Health Canada, the number of Canadians using medical marijuana will rise to somewhere between 300,000 to 400,000 by 2024.

When Did It Begin?

In June 2013, Health Canada announced a new medical marijuana program called the Marihuana for Medical Purposes Regulations (MMPR). The MMPR outlined a massive overhaul to the previous medical marijuana program, known as the MMAR.
Complaints about the old program came from multiple sources.
For patients, it was difficult to sign up for medical marijuana. The MMAR required extensive paperwork that doctors had to fill out, which then had to be reviewed by Health Canada for final approval.
Then-Health Minister Leona Aglukkaq announced the MMPR on June 10 (Photo credit: Health Canada)
Then-Health Minister Leona Aglukkaq announced the MMPR on June 10 (Photo credit: Health Canada)
The MMPR introduces a much simpler prescription-based system, more like the systems of certain states in the U.S.
For law enforcement, the MMAR also created problems by allowing patients to grow in their own homes. Some license holders would use it as a cover-up to grow marijuana for the black market. While others didn’t, privacy laws made it difficult for law enforcement to monitor crime.
The MMPR bans home-grows, forcing patients to register with a commercial producer and purchase their medicine online.

Who Owns the Mega-Farms?

The MMPR allows any commercial entity to apply for a license to produce marijuana. Regulations are strict, which makes the cost of starting a MMPR business high. Thus, those who can afford to meet the regulations also can afford to operate large-scale grows.
Since June, the total number of MMPR applicants has exceeded 400. But the vetting process has been slow. As of now, Health Canada says it has approved 8 companies under the MMPR. But only 4 are listed on the government’s official website. According to Health Canada, the other 4 are not ready to register patients yet.
Tweed CEO Chuck Rifici standing in the empty Hershey's factory (Photo credit: The Canadian Press/Adrian Wyld))
Tweed CEO Chuck Rifici standing in the empty Hershey’s factory (Photo credit: The Canadian Press/Adrian Wyld)
Hopeful applicants include a company called Tweed, which has purchased an abandoned Hershey’s Chocolate factory in Smith Falls, Ontario with 470,000 square ft. of space. Privateer Holdings, a U.S. private equity firm focused on marijuana, has also purchased a 35,000 square ft. facility in Nanaimo, B.C. through its new Canadian subsidiary Lafitte Ventures.
One company already approved is Prairie Plant Systems, which was the only supplier contracted by Health Canada to supply patients under the MMAR. The company revealed last October that it undertook a $24 million retrofit of its production facility, allowing it to grow 5 times more than before.
Tjalling Erkelens, CEO of Dutch medical marijuana company Bedrocan BV
Tjalling Erkelens, CEO of Dutch medical marijuana company Bedrocan BV (Photo credit: Bedrocan BV)
Another approved producer, Bedrocan Canada, will initially import product from its Dutch sister company Bedrocan BV, which has supplied European pharmacies with medical marijuana for years. The company plans on beginning production in Canada by late 2014.

What Will Happen on April 1?

Licenses for personal cultivation will expire. Patients will be expected to get their marijuana from a commercial producer.
But there are problems. For one, patients have launched a Constitutional Challenge to prevent the MMPR’s ban on home-grows, which many say would make medical marijuana unaffordable. If they win, they could stop the ban from happening. If they don’t, some say it’ll take more than a policy change to stop them from growing.
Canadians rally on Parliament Hill for 4/20 (Photo credit: Patrick Doyle/Reuters)
Canadians rally on Parliament Hill for 4/20 (Photo credit: Patrick Doyle/Reuters)
Another issue is a shortage of supply. Growing enough cannabis for 40,000 patients isn’t easy.
According to Privateer Holdings CEO Brendan Kennedy, Health Canada expressed concern about a shortage as early as last June. But today, the department says it’s “confident that there will be adequate production levels” for the new program.
However, with only 4 to 8 companies ready to meet the April 1 deadline, it’s unclear whether the MMPR will be sufficiently supplied at the start. And at this point, even if companies like Tweed or Lafitte Ventures are approved before April 1, it seems unlikely they can have product ready by then.
Source Leaf Science


Why Bedrocan Is Selling Cannabis In Canada: Q&A With CEO Marc Wayne

Bedrocan's product sold in Europe (Photo: Sensi Seeds)
Bedrocan's product sold in Europe (Photo: Sensi Seeds)

Last week, Bedrocan Canada was granted a license to sell medical cannabis under the country’s new program.

Bedrocan Canada was formed by Bedrocan BV, the sole supplier of medical marijuana in Holland and other European countries. It is also now one of 8 companies to be approved by Health Canada under the new program.

The program, called the MMPR, introduces a commercial industry for medical marijuana. Beginning April 1, some 40,000 Canadians will be required to purchase their medicine from companies like Bedrocan, instead of growing it themselves.
Despite Bedrocan’s operations in Europe, the company says it has much to look forward to in Canada. We spoke to CEO of Bedrocan Canada Marc Wayne about the company’s history and what’s in store for Canadians.
Q: How did Bedrocan get started?
Bedrocan started as a family business and it’s still run by two brother-in-laws in Holland. They’ve been in the agricultural business in the north of Holland for 30 years. They got into the production of cannabis seeds when cannabis seeds were legal in the 90s in Holland.
They moved into cannabis production when the government was looking for producers of medical marijuana for the Dutch program. Two companies were selected, but one company fell off, and Bedrocan became the sole provider.
Q: What does Bedrocan do today in Europe?
Bedrocan services all the patients in the medical cannabis program in Holland, which is around 3,000. The Dutch program distributes through pharmacies, so all of Bedrocan product is distributed through the pharmacy system.
It’s also covered by the largest health insurer in Holland, but that’s just been for the past couple years. Those are the type of initiatives we’re going to try and work on in Canada, because there’s precedent over there.
Tjalling Erkelens, CEO of Bedrocan Canada's parent company, Bedrocan BV (Photo: Bedrocan)
Tjalling Erkelens, CEO of Bedrocan Canada’s parent company Bedrocan BV (Photo: Bedrocan)
Q: So Canadians can hope for insurance coverage?
One of the initiatives we want to take on is how to get insurance coverage in Canada similar to Holland, to enable cost coverage for patients as much as possible.
Bedrocan product is pharmaceutical grade and standardized from batch to batch. We’re hoping that type of quality will help in the argument to the insurance companies, so they know the product they’re covering isn’t different every time.
We believe standardization and quality are, obviously, top priority.
Q: How does Canada’s MMPR program compare to Europe?
The European market for Bedrocan is strongly influenced by government and government regulations.
The MMPR is the next step, in our opinion, in the development of cannabis becoming a more common medicine in Canada, produced and distributed by professional companies.
The MMPR also allows for more competition compared to Europe. The European production is organized usually through contractual agreements between government and producers, which limits the development of a good market model for medicinal cannabis to mature.
Bedrocan BV's growing facility (Photo: Bedrocan)
Bedrocan BV’s growing facility (Photo: Bedrocan)
But the MMPR puts physicians in a role to give patients access to cannabis like in Europe. That’s a similarity.
Overall, medical cannabis is becoming more of a private industry in Canada, which should hopefully help with pricing in the long run. There’s more competition, so perhaps pricing will come down over time for the patients.
Q: Will the MMPR help cannabis become more accepted in Canada?
You can already see, since the regulations came out, how much more mainstream it’s become in Canada as a topic.
As more companies get involved, and more visibility gets involved, and more people accept medicinal cannabis as an option, it should help provide better access for everybody.
Source Leaf Science


Why Washington’s I-502 Is Being Fought By Patients

(Photo credit: effjohn/Flickr)
(Photo credit: effjohn/Flickr)

Recreational users may look forward to the implementation of I-502, but many patients aren’t happy with the legislation and are now fighting back.

Yesterday, on the opening day of the state’s 2014 Legislative session, a group of patients, doctors and caregivers introduced a bill outlining their proposed changes to Washington’s new marijuana system.

Backed by Americans for Safe Access, House Bill 2233 aims to fix many of the shortcomings of the Liquor Control Board’s final recommendations, which include restrictions on qualifying medical conditions, the elimination of “collective gardens,” possession and cultivation limits, and excise taxes.
In the Senate, long-time medical marijuana advocate Jeanne Kohl-Welles, a Democratic senator, is also planning to introduce a bill.
Kohl-Welles told Business Insider that her proposal would give patients authorization to purchase marijuana without paying taxes. She also wants to expand the number of stores permitted under I-502, currently capped at around 300.
Only 21 of these are allotted to Seattle, despite the fact that over 150 medical marijuana dispensaries operate in the city today. Most of these dispensaries will likely be forced to close once I-502 rules take over.
Even with medical marijuana’s proliferation in Washington in recent years, state law has always been ambiguous on the issue – something that I-502 was meant to fix.
The last major overhaul happened in 2011, when Kohl-Welles managed to push a comprehensive reform bill through the state legislature. But before then-Governor Christine Gregoire signed the bill, she vetoed many of its most important clauses, which Kohl-Welles says left her “furious.”
With I-502 licenses to be issued by mid-year, now could be the last chance for patient advocates such as Kohl-Welles to achieve medical marijuana reform in Washington. She expects to see a “wide array” of bills, some that will aim to eliminate medical marijuana completely.
Although Kohl-Welles admits it’s uncertain how the Legislature will vote, the senator says current I-502 provisions will likely cause prices to rise. If this were to happen, it would push both recreational and medical users toward the black market, she says.
Source Leaf Science


Friday, February 14, 2014

What Science Tells Us About The ‘Munchies’

(Photo: Love From The Oven/Flickr)
(Photo: Love From The Oven/Flickr)

It’s a well known fact that marijuana stimulates hunger – causing an unrivaled desire for food that many like to call the ‘munchies.’

But while the munchies have proven to be useful in medical settings, scientists are still trying to understand exactly how it works. Indeed, studies on the munchies and the brain have yet to provide a clear-cut explanation of this phenomenon.

However, a growing body of evidence highlights a number of effects that, together, help provide a basic understanding of the munchies. Here are some of them:

Marijuana enhances your taste for sweets.

Marijuana’s action on the brain – which happens via pathways called cannabinoid receptors – has been found to amplify the sensation of sweetness. It seems to do this by counteracting the effects of a hormone called leptin.
On the other hand, salty, sour, bitter and umami tastes remain unaffected.

Marijuana increases the pleasure of eating.

Eating has been shown to activate the reward system of the brain, which involves the release of a chemical called dopamine. That means when you ingest food, your brain gets rewarded for it.
Compounds in marijuana are known to alter the release of dopamine in a variety of situations, one of which happens to be eating.

Marijuana increases the desire for food.

Another important effect of the munchies is an increased desire for food. Studies show that marijuana can increase the wanting of food – or appetite – in a number of ways.
One of these ways is related to dopamine levels, which regulate motivation as well as reward.
Another way marijuana increases appetite is by interacting with a hormone found in the gut called ghrelin. Ghrelin acts to increase appetite, but studies show its effect is also regulated by cannabinoid pathways. Research suggests THC can enhance ghrelin’s stimulation of appetite.

Marijuana enhances your sense of smell.

The latest discovery about the munchies involves a part of the brain responsible for smell: the olfactory bulb.
A study published this month in the journal Nature suggests THC may act on the olfactory bulb to increase the ability to smell food. The theory is that a heightened sense of smell caused by marijuana may also enhance taste.

Marijuana can suppress hunger (if you’re starving).

Perhaps the most interesting aspect of the munchies is how it affects you when you’re actually in need of food. Indeed, research suggests marijuana may reduce hunger in fasting conditions.
Recent studies show animals, that are first starved and then fed, tend to eat more when marijuana pathways in a specific part of the hypothalamus are blocked. Thus, scientists believe the munchies may not occur in all situations.

In fact, these findings suggest marijuana could have the opposite effect if you’re starving – in other words, convincing your brain that you’re not as hungry as you actually are.
Source Leaf Science


Italy’s Cannabis Laws Struck Down By Federal Court

The Constitutional Court of Italy in Palazzo della Consulta (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)
The Constitutional Court of Italy in Palazzo della Consulta (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)

Italy’s constitutional court has overturned a law that assigned equal penalties to cannabis and harder drugs.

On Wednesday, the federal court ruled that the law, which was passed in 2006 by Silvio Berlusconi’s government, was in violation of the constitution.

The law was found to violate Article 77 of the constitution, local media reports, which prohibits the government from adopting laws without approval from the Parliament.
The law was originally inserted as an amendment to a bill for the funding of the 2006 Turin Olympics as the bill was being converted, which prevented a discussion in Parliament.
Wednesday’s ruling immediately reverts the country’s drug policy back to a referendum passed in 1993 that provides lower penalties for cannabis as a ‘soft drug’. About 10,000 people are expected to be released from jail as a result.
The 2006 amendment raised penalties for cultivation, sale and trafficking of marijuana from 2-6 years to 6-20 years, which was on par with penalties for cocaine and heroin.
The amendment was blamed as the main reason for the overcrowding of Italy’s prisons, which rank highest in terms of crowding in the European Union.
After the law was passed, charges and imprisonment related to cannabis rose dramatically. In 2010, approximately 40% of all criminal offences were related to cannabis.
The legitimacy of the law was recently brought into question by the Supreme Court, which led to Wednesday’s ruling.
Late last month, a federal judge in Brazil also determined his country’s cannabis laws to be unconstitutional.
Source Leaf Science


Tuesday, February 11, 2014

Poll: One Month Later, More Coloradans Support Legal Marijuana

Colorado governor John Hickenlooper (Photo: Mike Johnston/Flickr)
Colorado governor John Hickenlooper (Photo: Mike Johnston/Flickr)

A new poll suggests support for legal marijuana in Colorado has risen following the first month of retail sales.

Released on Monday, the Quinnipiac University poll shows 58 percent of Colorado residents support marijuana legalization. That number is up from 54 percent when the same poll was conducted last summer.

Amendment 64, the law that legalized recreational marijuana in Colorado, passed in November 2012 with 55 percent support.
On the other hand, 51 percent in the latest poll felt that marijuana legalization has hurt the state’s image. Only 10 percent said they had used recreational marijuana since sales began on January 1.
Indeed, even as the nationwide conversation begins to change tone, Colorado governor John Hickenlooper has shown little support for his own state’s position.
“I hate Colorado having to be the experiment,” he told local newspaper Durango Herald last month.
Ironically, Gov. Hickenlooper made a fortune as a cofounder of Wynkoop Brewing Company before entering a career in politics.
Still, Gov. Hickenlooper has acknowledged marijuana legalization in Colorado as “one of the great social experiments of this century” and, for his part, intends on seeing it done “properly.”
Source Leaf Science


Experts Want More Research On Medical Marijuana For Elderly

(Photo: Presna420/Flickr)
(Photo: Presna420/Flickr)

More research is needed on the potential benefits of marijuana for older patients, according to a team of medical experts from Holland.


Writing this month in the journal Ageing Research Reviews, investigators at Radboud University Medical Center argue that not enough studies involving marijuana-based treatments, including a class of chemicals called cannabinoids, are focusing on seniors.
“Although trials studying medical cannabinoids included older subjects, there is a lack of evidence of its use specifically in older patients.”
But the need is strong, according to the report. In the Netherlands, one third of patients with a medical marijuana prescription are over 60. Israel’s program distributes marijuana directly to some nursing homes. Statistics from Canada and the U.S. also suggest a rise in cannabis use among the baby boomer demographic.
More importantly, marijuana-based treatments have proven to be effective at managing a variety of symptoms common in aging patients, the authors note, including neuropathic pain and nausea and loss of appetite in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Marijuana shows promise in treating symptoms of dementia as well.
“It is highly worthwhile to conduct well designed studies on the efficacy of cannabinoids in symptom management in dementia, given the initial positive results on weight loss and agitation in this patient population, and the great lack of other effective and safe strategies in this field.”
However, elderly patients may be more vulnerable to side effects of marijuana treatment, which only large-scale studies can help reveal.
After reviewing the current body of evidence, the researchers found just five studies on marijuana-based therapies that provide results specifically on elderly patients. But the sample sizes were small, and none of the studies involved the use of medical cannabis in its herbal form.
In order for physicians to prescribe these treatments confidently, they explain, more evidence is required.
The team concludes: “Adequately powered trials are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of cannabinoids in older subjects, as the potential symptomatic benefit is especially attractive in this age group.”
Source Leaf Science


NIH Survey: More Teens Using Marijuana, Less See It As Harmful

(Photo: KOMUnews/Flickr)
(Photo: KOMUnews/Flickr)

The latest national survey of drug use among U.S. teens shows that marijuana use has become more common, while its perception as a dangerous drug has not.

Published early this month, the 2013 Monitoring the Future Survey, conducted every year by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), found only 39.5% of high school seniors thought marijuana was harmful. Last year, 44.1% reported thinking of the substance as harmful, which was also in decline from previous years.

In a press statement, Lloyd Johnston, the principal investigator of this year’s survey, noted how drug perceptions can predict drug use, and suggested that both trends for marijuana may continue in the future.
“But more noteworthy is the fact that the proportion of adolescents seeing marijuana use as risky declined again sharply in all three grades. Perceived risk—namely the risk to the user that teenagers associate with a drug—has been a lead indicator of use, both for marijuana and other drugs, and it has continued its sharp decline in 2013 among teens. This could foretell further increases in use in the future.”
The survey also found 6.5% of high school seniors admitted using marijuana daily, reports TIME, up from 6% in 2003. Daily and annual use rates among other grades showed similarly slight or non-significant increases.
While government agencies like the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) have long voiced concerns about the negative impact of marijuana use among teens, rates of use have remained mostly stable over the past decade.
Interestingly, while marijuana has continued to be popular among high school students, both alcohol and cigarette use have declined.
Roughly 40% of high school seniors reported using alcohol in the past month, down from 53% in 1997, notes The New York Times. Daily cigarette use was reported by 8.5% of seniors and, for the first time in surveyed history, the percentage of seniors who reported smoking a cigarette in the past month also fell below 10%.
This year’s survey included responses from 41,675 students at 389 public and private schools across the U.S.
Source Leaf Science


Canada’s Ban On Marijuana Dispensaries Will Hurt Patients Most

Plants waiting to be sold at Toronto dispensary CALM (Photo: Tyler Anderson/National Post)
Plants waiting to be sold at Toronto dispensary CALM (Photo: Tyler Anderson/National Post)

Under new rules that take effect in April, medical marijuana dispensaries are being brushed aside in favor of a commercial mail-order system.

Rebecca Penn, a graduate student at the University of Toronto’s Dalla Lana School of Public Health, is one of many who believe the government has overlooked the role of dispensaries.

“When someone goes into a community-based cannabis dispensary,” she explains, “they have the potential of linking up to all kinds of additional resources that will help support their health and wellness.”
“Those things are being lost when you’re turning it into a mail-order, internet-based business. You don’t have that kind of personal connection.”
Dispensaries, also known as compassion clubs, have always operated in a grey area of the law, since Health Canada has never officially approved them. Yet today, they provide medical marijuana for roughly 50,000 patients across the country.
However, it’s not just marijuana that they offer, but access to resources and support networks as well.
“Dispensaries are a safe and empowering environment,” says Amy Brown, who conducts member orientations at Toronto-based dispensary CALM.
“It’s very crucial to the medicine itself.”
While Health Canada seems to have missed these qualities, in a paper published last month in theInternational Journal of Drug Policy, Penn highlights the role that medical marijuana dispensaries have long served in Canada.
Penn’s paper argues that dispensaries help form a community of support around a medicine that many still consider taboo. In fact, she believes this fits what social theorists call an ‘embodied health movement,’ which describes patients empowering one another through a treatment that challenges traditional science.
Indeed, the first dispensaries in Canada came years before medical marijuana was legalized. And over time, they’ve played a major part in shaping both policy and research that surrounds the treatment.
Penn notes that organizations like the Canadian Association of Medical Cannabis Dispensaries have also made efforts to integrate with government regulations. Yet for reasons unclear, Health Canada decided to reject the dispensary model in drafting the new MMPR program.
It’s unfortunate, Penn says, since she believes the best form of treatment often involves more than just the medicine itself.
“We know through research done around counselling and therapy that what matters most isn’t necessarily the model of therapy as much as the connection with the provider. That’s so important, and that’s going to be completely lost in the approach they’re taking now.”
Brown, who has spent the last 4 years working at CALM, agrees that dispensaries in Canada now face an uncertain future.
“It’s very up in the air. According to the MMPR, dispensaries or storefronts are not allowed.”
She suspects most dispensaries haven’t made a final decision on what to do come April. However, her experiences lend weight to concerns about the ban – for patients.
“There’s a lot of people who are new to cannabis, who’ve never used it in their life,” says Brown of the patients who visit CALM. “Cannabis has such a stigma attached to it that a lot of people, who are new coming into using it, are a bit scared in the first place.”
“Having a conversation over the phone and placing an order for a medicine that you’ve never tried is a little disheartening. It’s not empowering at all.”
Source Leaf Science